Belajar Contoh Dan Soal Explanation Text Bahasa Inggris

Selamat datang kembali di sekolah dan kamu akan mendapat tugas belajar, beberapa mata pelajaran menunggu untuk dipelajari bersama dengan gurumu khususnya bahasa Inggris. Sangat menyenangkan dan menantang mempelajari teks dalam bahasa Inggris dengan beberapa topik teks yang beragam dan bervariasi, mengenai pemahaman, struktur dan melalui contoh-contoh pertanyaan dengan jawabannya.

Jika dilihat dari kurikulum 2013, mata pelajaran yang diajarkan khususnya mata pelajaran Bahasa Inggris mengalami sedikit perubahan dalam alokasi waktu bahan ajar. Pada kurikulum KTSP, materi pembelajaran teks bahasa Inggris mendapat alokasi waktu yang cukup banyak. Materi pembelajaran teks bahasa Inggris secara umum membahas lebih lanjut tentang pengertian dan struktur teks bahasa Inggris.

Sedangkan pada kurikulum 2013, materi pembelajaran teks bahasa Inggris sangat beragam dan lebih detil, untuk itu kalian para siswa diharapkan dapat mempelajari teks dengan mudah dengan berlatih untuk menjawab pertanyaan-pertanyaan yang berkaitan dengan topik yang dipelajari. Belajar teks bahasa Inggris dengan pemahaman dan contoh-contoh pertanyaan dalam topik Explanation Text secara sederhana dan mudah.

Belajar Explanation Text

Memahami teks topik Eksplanasi dalam bahasa Inggris secara sederhana dan mudah dapat dimulai dengan membaca makna teks meliputi makna, struktur dan kebahasaan suatu teks.

Teks eksplanasi sebenarnya sama jenisnya dengan teks prosedur. Karena masih satu genre, maka pertanyaan yang muncul juga akan memiliki kesamaan. Tentu saja jenis pertanyaan akan berbeda antar teks, dipengaruhi oleh tujuan dan struktur penulisan setiap teks. Hanya saja karena kedua teks esai bahasa Inggris tersebut bertujuan untuk menjelaskan langkah dan fase terjadinya dan terbentuknya sesuatu, maka soal pemahaman bacaannya masih memiliki kesamaan.

Hampir semua contoh teks eksplanasi bertujuan untuk menjelaskan mengapa atau bagaimana sesuatu terjadi. Dalam penyajiannya, teks eksplanasi cenderung ditulis dengan pernyataan kalimat positif. Berbeda dengan teks prosedur yang juga bertujuan untuk menjelaskan proses melakukan sesuatu, namun disampaikan dengan menggunakan kalimat imperatif. Walaupun tujuan kebahasaan keduanya mempunyai kesamaan, namun objek yang dijelaskan biasanya berbeda.

Contoh teks eksplanasi biasanya menjelaskan tentang suatu benda dan fenomena alam, sedangkan teks prosedur biasanya menunjukkan tata cara pembuatan dan pengerjaan benda buatan.

Teks explanation itu sebenarnya satu type dengan procedure text. Karena masih satu genre, maka soal yang muncul juga akan memiliki kesamaan. Tentu saja jenis soal akan berbeda antar teks dipengarui oleh tujuan, dan struktur ditulisnya masing-masing teks. Hanya saja karena kedua teks essay bahasa Inggris bertujuan untuk menjelaskan langkah dan fase terjadinya dan terbentuknya sesuatu, maka pertanyaan reading comprehensionnya masih punya kemiripan.

Jenis-Jenis Soal Teks Explanation Explanation Text

Setelah membaca suatu teks tertentu, pembaca kemudian disuguhkan beberapa pertanyaan berdasarkan bacaan di atas. Pertanyaan seperti ini dikenal sebagai pertanyaan pemahaman bacaan. Tentu akan banyak variasi dan macam-macam soal bacaan bahasa inggris, namun jika disederhanakan sebenarnya soal-soal tersebut merupakan pengembangan dari beberapa hal seperti; Pertanyaan tujuan membaca, pertanyaan gagasan utama, pertanyaan informasi rinci, pertanyaan makna kata dan pertanyaan referensi kata. Kelima kategori soal di atas dikembangkan menjadi sekitar sepuluh soal berdasarkan bacaan yang diberikan.

Beberapa model pertanyaan yang sering muncul setelah membaca teks eksplanasi adalah:

1. What is the purpose of the text?

2. What is the text about?

3. What medium do kites use to fly?

4. What is meant by "made up"?

5. “it” in the first line of paragraph two refers to…..

Memahami soal-soal seperti ini akan lebih cepat jika kita sudah memahami kerangka dasar jenis-jenis teks bahasa Inggris yang paling umum diajarkan di sekolah. Hal-hal mendasar tersebut meliputi fungsi sosial, struktur generik, dan ciri-ciri bahasa. Semua itu dapat dibaca pada apa itu teks eksplanasi? Dengan pemahaman dasar ini, menjawab pertanyaan pemahaman bacaan akan terasa lebih mudah. Soal Teks Eksplanasi Berbagai Topik dan Jawabannya. Di bawah ini berbagai contoh teks eksplanasi bahasa Inggris tentang berbagai topik. Ada beberapa teks yang cukup mudah dan ada pula yang sangat sulit.

Contoh teks Eksplanasi / Explanation Text

Text 1

Recycling is the collection, processing and reuse of materials that would otherwise be thrown away. Materials ranging from precious metals to broken glass, from old newspapers to plastic spoons, can be recycled. The recycling process takes back original materials and uses them in new products.

In general, using recycled materials to make new products is more cost and energy efficient than using new materials. Recycling can also reduce pollution, either by reducing demand for highly polluting alternative materials or by minimizing the amount of pollution produced during the production process.

Paper products that can be recycled include cardboard containers, wrapping paper, and office paper. The most frequently recycled paper product is newsprint. In newspaper recycling, used newspapers are collected and looked for contaminants such as plastic bags and aluminum foil. The paper is sent to a processing plant to be mixed with hot water and turned into pulp in a machine that works like a large kitchen blender. The pulp is strained and filtered to remove smaller contaminants. The pulp is then put into a large vat where the ink separates from the paper fibers and floats to the surface. The ink is filtered, dried and reused as ink or burned as boiler fuel. The cleaned fruit flesh is mixed with new wood fiber to be made into paper again.

Experts estimate that the average office worker produces around 5 kg of waste paper per month. Every ton of paper recycled saves about 1.4 cubic meters (about 50 cubic feet) of landfill space. One ton of recycled paper saves 17 pulpwood trees (trees used to produce paper).

Questions:

1. The following items can be recycled, EXCEPT….

A. Precious metals

B. Broken glass

C. Old newspapers

D. Plastic spoon

E. Fresh vegetables and fruits

2. Which of the following is NOT a benefit of recycling?

A. It costs a lot of money for the recycling process

B. The cost of making new products is cheaper

C. Requires less energy

D. Can reduce pollution

E. Reduce demand for highly polluting alternatives

3. What is the third step in recycling paper products?

A. Collect and search for contaminants such as plastic bags and aluminum foil.

B. Mix the paper with hot water in a blender until it becomes paper pulp.

C. Strain and filter the dregs to remove smaller contaminants.

D. Put the pulp into a large vat to separate the ink from the paper fibers.

E. Mix the pulp with new wood fiber to make paper again.

4. We can use the ink that has been separated from the paper fibers in the following ways, EXCEPT...

A. Just delete it

B. Dry

C. Reused as ink

D. Burns as boiler fuel

E. Mix with the dregs

Text 2

The human body consists of countless millions of cells. Food is needed to build new cells and replace damaged cells. However, the food we consume must be converted into substances that can be carried through the blood to places where they are needed. This process is called digestion.

The first digestive process occurs in the mouth. The food we eat is broken down into small pieces by the action of the teeth, mixed with saliva, a fluid secreted by glands in the mouth. Saliva contains digestive juices that moisten food so it is easy to swallow.

From the mouth, food passes through the esophagus (food pipe) to the stomach. Here, food is mixed with fluids secreted by cells in the stomach over several hours. Then the food enters the small intestine. All the time, the muscular walls of the intestines compress, mix and move food.

Within a few hours, the food turns sour. It is immediately absorbed by the villi (microscopic branching projections of the intestinal wall) and passed into the bloodstream.

Questions:

5. What is the text about?

A. The digestive system

B. The digestive juice

C. The method of the digestive system

D. The process of intestine work

E. The food substances

6. How can we swallow the food easily?

A. The food changes into acids absorbed by the villi.

B. The food must be digested first through the process.

C. The food is directly swallowed through esophagus into the stomach.

D. The food is mixed with the juices secreted by the cells in the stomach.

E. The food we take must be changed into substances carried in the blood to the places.

7. From the text above, we imply that ….

A. a good process of digestive system will help our body becoming healthier.

B. no one concerned with the process of digestive system for their health.

C. the digestive system is needed if we are eating the food instantly.

D. every body must conduct the processes of digestive system well.

E. the better we digest the food we eat, the healthier we will be.

8. “Human body is made up of countless millions of cells.” (Paragraph 1) The phrase “made up” means ….

A. produced

B. managed

C. arranged

D. completed

E. constructed

Text 3

Have you ever wondered how people get chocolate from? In this article we’ll enter the amazing world of chocolate so you can understand exactly what you’re eating.

Chocolate starts with a tree called the cacao tree. This tree grows in equatorial regions, especially in places such as South America, Africa, and Indonesia. The cacao tree produces a fruit about the size of a small pine apple. Inside the fruit are the tree’s seeds, also known as cocoa beans.

The beans are fermented for about a week, dried in the sun and then shipped to the chocolate maker. The chocolate maker starts by roasting the beans to bring out the flavour. Different beans from different places have different qualities and flavor, so they are often sorted and blended to produce a distinctive mix. Next, the roasted beans are winnowed.

Winnowing removes the meat nib of the cacao bean from its shell. Then, the nibs are blended. The blended nibs are ground to make it a liquid. The liquid is called chocolate liquor. It tastes bitter. All seeds contain some amount of fat, and cacao beans are not different. However, cacao beans are half fat, which is why the ground nibs form liquid. It’s pure bitter chocolate.

Questions:

9. The text is about…

A. cocoa tree

B. cocoa beans

C. raw chocolate

D. chocolate making

E. chocolate flavor

10. The third paragraph focuses on…

A. the process of making chocolate

B. how to produce cocoa flavor

C. where chocolate comes from

D. chocolate liquor

E. cocoa pods

11. "..., so it is often sorted and mixed to produce..." (Paragraph 3.) The word "sorted" has a meaning that is close to...

A. arranged

B. combined

C. split up

D. distributed

E. organized

12. How did a chocolatier start making chocolate?

A. By fermenting coffee beans.

B. By roasting coffee beans

C. By blending the beans.

D. By sorting the coffee beans.

E. By drying the coffee beans.

Text 4

What is photosynthesis? Photosynthesis is the process of making food that occurs in green plants. This is the main function of leaves. The word photosynthesis means combining with light. Green plants use energy from light to combine carbon dioxide and water to make sugar and other chemical compounds.

How is light used in photosynthesis? The light used in photosynthesis is absorbed by a green pigment called chlorophyll. Each food-making cell in a plant leaf contains chlorophyll in small bodies called chloroplasts. In chloroplasts, light energy causes water taken from the soil to split into hydrogen and oxygen.

What are the steps in the photosynthesis process? Let me tell you the process of photosynthesis, in a series of complicated steps, hydrogen combines with carbon dioxide from the air, forming simple sugars. Oxygen from water molecules is released in the process. From sugars along with nitrogen, sulfur, and phosphorus from soil, green plants can make starch, fats, proteins, vitamins, and other complex compounds that are essential for life. Photosynthesis provides the chemical energy needed to produce these compounds.

Questions:

13. What step after the hydrogen combines with carbon dioxide from the air …

A. Photosynthesis provides the chemical energy that is needed to produced these compounds.

B. Water drawn form the soil to split into hydrogen and oxygen.

C. Food-making process that occurs in green plants.

D. Phosporus from the soil-green plants can make starch, fat, protein, vitamins, and other complex compounds essential for life.

E. Oxygen from the water molecules is given off in the process.

14. What are photosynthesis need …

A. Water, light, oxygen, worm.

B. Soil, chlorophyll, sun, human.

C. Bug, air, oxigen, food.

D. Light, Carbon dioxide, humus.

E. Candle, vitamins, hydrogen.

15. What the product of photosynthesis?

A. Sugar

B. Food and O2

C. Root

D. Food

E. Branch

16. What kind of the text above?

A. Narrative text

B. Hortatory text

C. Descussion text

D. Explanation text

E. Descriptive text

Text 5

Biodiesel is a clean burning substitute for petroleum based diesel fuel. Biodiesel is made of vegetable oil.

To make or manufacture Biodiesel, you must first start with raw materials. The raw materials needed in the production of Biodiesel are a small amount of methanol and a ready supply of vegetable product. One of the most common vegetables used in the production of Biodiesel is corn, although depending on the geographic location of the manufacturing facility many other plants are used as well (rapeseed, soybeans, flaxseed, etc.). The first step is to use the raw vegetable product to make vegetable oil. Vegetable oil by itself will not be what you need to power a car, from here it has to be processed into Biodiesel.

The process for converting vegetable oil into Biodiesel is sometimes called ester interchange. To complete this process the vegetable oil has to be combined with a smaller amount of methanol and then put in the presence of a small quantity of an alkaline catalyst (for example, 5% to 1% sodium hydroxide). Vegetable oil is made up of so-called triglycerides, which is a compound of the trivalent alcohol glycerin with three fatty acids. The goal of ester interchange is to separate the glycerin molecule from the three fatty acids and replace it with three methanol molecules. This process then yields roughly 90% Biodiesel and 10% of a glycerin by product. The glycerin by product can be used in a number of other chemical processes for different industries.

Question:

17. What is the text about?

A. The process of making Biodiesel

B. The use of the Biodiesel.

C. The advantage of using the Biodiesel.

D. The benefit of producing the Biodiesel.

E. The development of the Biodiesel product.

18. What are interchanged in the process of ester interchange?

A. The three fatty acids with the glycerin molecules.

B. The glycerin molecule with three methanol molecules.

C. Methanol with the three fatty acids.

D. Vegetable oil with methanol.

E. Methanol and alkaline catalyst.

19. According to the text, one of the advantages in using biodiesel is...

A. it is cheap.

B. it only uses vegetable oil.

C. it uses replaceable materials.

D. it can be done in small industry.

E. it gives less pollution than petroleum.

20. “The process for converting vegetable oil…”(Paragraph 3). The word “converting” is closest in meaning to…

A. Producing

B. Separating

C. Attaching

D. Processing

E. Changing

Tex 6

A natural disaster is a terrible accident, e.g. a great flood, a big fire or an earthquake. It usually causes great suffering and loss of a large sum of money. The casualties are injured or died. Some people are homeless and need medical care.

Floods occur when the water of rivers, lakes, or streams overflow their banks and pour onto the surrounding land. Floods are caused by many different things. Often heavy rainstorms that last for a brief can cause a flood. But not all heavy storms are followed by flooding. If the surrounding land is flat and can absorb the water, no flooding will occur. If, however, the land is hard and rocky, heavy rain cannot be absorbed. Where the banks are low, a river may overflow and flood adjacent lowland.

In many part of the world flood are caused by tropical storms called hurricanes or typhoons. They bring destructive winds of high speed, torrents of rain, and flooding. When a flood occurs, the destruction to surrounding land can be severe. Whole villages and towns are sometimes swept away by water pouring swiftly over the land. Railroad track blocked and uprooted from their beds. Highways are washed away.

When a building caught fire, the firemen pitched in to help battle the blaze. Before the pumps were invented, people formed bucket brigades to fight fires. Standing side by side, they formed a human chain from the fire to nearby well or river. They passed buckets of water from to hand to be poured on the flames.

The damage of the fire did depend a great deal on where it happened. In the country or a small village, only a single house might burn down. But in crowded cities, fire often destroyed whole blocks and neighborhoods before being controlled.

Questions:

21. What can possibly prevent rivers and lakes from overflowing?

A. An absorbent bed.

B. A rocky surrounding.

C. A low land.

D. A high bank

E. A high road.

22. We know from the text that . . . .

A. River can sweep heavy flood.

B. People can make money from flood.

C. The destruction by flood is always less severe.

D. Water flood is absorbed by land.

E. Typhoons caused heavy flood.

23. We know from the text that . . . .

A. The pump is the only tool used by fire fighters now.

B. The pump helps people to fight fires more efficiently.

C. Fires in big cities are always very big.

D. People no longer use buckets to control fire.

E. Only firemen can control fires in crowded cities.

Text 7

The sense of taste is one of a person’s five senses. We taste with the help of taste-buds in the tongue.

There are four main kinds of taste: sweet, sour, salty, and bitter. All other tastes are just mixtures of two or more of these main types.

The surface of the tongue has more than fifteen thousand taste-buds (or cells). These are connected to the brain by special nerves which send the so-called ‘tastes messages.

When the tongue comes into contact with food of any kind, the taste-buds will pick up the taste. The nerves then send a message to the brain. This will make us aware of the taste. All this happens in just a few seconds.

There are four kinds of taste-buds, each of which is sensitive to only a particular taste. These four groups are located in different parts of the tongue.

The taste-buds for salty and sweet tastes are found round the tip of the tongue and along its sides. Sour tastes can be picked up only at the sides of the tongue. The taste-buds of the bitter taste are found at the innermost edge of the tongue. There are taste-buds at the centre of the tongue.

The senses of smell and sight can affect taste. The good smell of food increases its taste. Similarly, attractive colours can make food appear tastier and more delicious. If food does not smell good or is dull-coloured, it will look tasty and may not taste good at all.

Very hot or cold sensations can make the taste-buds insensitive. Food that is too hot or too cold, when placed in the mouth, will have no tastes at all.

Questions:

24. We can taste any kind of food because of ……..

A. the good smell of food.

B. the four main kinds of taste.

C. the taste-buds in the tongue.

D. the senses of smell and sight.

E. the taste-buds round the tip of the tongue.

25. When we eat very hot or cold food?

A. the food will lose its taste.

B. the food won’t smell good.

C. the taste of the food increases.

D. the taste-buds will be sensitive.

E. the taste-buds will be very, responsive.

26. The senses of smell and sight ……..

A. increase the taste of the food.

B. affect the taste of the food.

C. make food more delicious.

D. make the food look good.

E. make the food attractive.

27. The purpose of the text is ……..

A. to explain how we can taste any food in the mouth.

B. to give a report about the sense of taste.

C. to inform how important the tongue is.

D. to describe the use of the tongue.

E. to tell the taste of the food.

Text 8

A cell phone is a great gadget in this modern world. What is a cell phone?. A cell phone is actually a radio in certain way. Like a radio, by a cell phone we can communicate to other people in real time. Million people use cell phone for their communication. Even nowadays, people use cell phones to communicate in voice, written and data. Alexander Graham Bell is the person who make great change in the way people communicate to each other. He invented a telephone in 1876. While wireless radio was formally known in 18994 presented by Guglielmo Marconi. By these two technologies, then a cell phone was born. However do you know how actually cell phones work?

This short explanation on how a cell phone work is really wonderful. A cell phone or in long term “cellular telephone’ works by transmitting signals of radio to towers of cellular. The towers are networked to a central switching station. The connection usually uses wire, fiber optic-cables, or microwave.

Then the central switching station which handles calls in certain given area is directed connected to the wire-based telephone system. Cellulars are pick up by the towers and relayed to another cellular telephone user or the user of wire-based telephone network.

The towers vary in the capacity and capability to receive signals. Some can receive the signal from short distance and the others can receive more distance. However, there are usually more than one tower in certain given area so that the system can handle the increasing telephone traffic.

Questions:

28. What the main idea of paragraph three …

A. How to use the telephone.

B. The founder of telephone.

C. The part of telephone.

D. Function of telephone.

E. How to make the telephone.

29. What is cell phone …

A. Cell phone is an object can movement.

B. Cell phone is general object.

C. Cell phone is a contraption thing.

D. A cell phone is actually a radio in certain way.

E. Cell phone is Graham Bells’ founder.

30. How telephone celluler work …

A. By signal radio.

B. By battery

C. By user

D. By GPS Signal

E. By transmitting signal

31. Who the telephone celluler founder …

A. Graham bells

B. Guiglemo Marconi

C. Wilbur O’Wright

D. Antonio Meucci

E. BJ Habibie

32. What the text about …

A. The telephone founder.

B. The part of telephone.

C. The history of telephone.

D. How telephone work.

E. How much the telephone.

33. History … by Ani today.

A. Will learn

B. Will learnt

C. Would learnt

D. Have learnt

E. Has learnt

34. I hadn’t … brookfast when you call me.

A. Already

B. Have

C. Done

D. Just

E. Has

35. The car … driven by The person who laughing.

A. Will

B. Is being

C. Was being

D. Has been

E. Will be

36. My cat … their fish today.

A. Eats

B. Will ate

C. Has eat

D. Eaten

E. Eat

37. Your meal hasn’t been …

A. Finish

B. Finished

C. Finishing

D. Finishs

E. Did

Text 9

Silkworms live for only two or three days after laying eggs. About 36,000 to 50,000 eggs are laid, and these are carefully stored at the silkworm farm until they are ready to hatch. The eggs hatch into caterpillars, which feed on mulberry leaves. Soon, the caterpillars are ready to spin their cocoons. Not all caterpillars can spin silk cocoons. Only the caterpillars of a silkworm moth known as ‘Bombyx mari’ can do such spinning. This caterpillar has special glands which secrete liquid silk through its lower lip. The liquid produced later hardens to form tine strands.

The caterpillar makes its cocoons using these strands. The threads on the outside of the cocoon are rough, while those inside are soft and smooth.

Some fully-spun cocoons are heated. This kills the pupa inside. The cocoons are then put into hot water to loosen the fine threads. Finally, these threads are reeled off the cocoons.

The length of unbroken thread produced by a single cocoon measures about one-and-a-half kilometers. Being twisted together several of these threads make single woven materials.

Question:

38. What is the purpose of the text ……..

A. To persuade readers to buy silk.

B. To put silk into different categories.

C. To entertain readers with the knowledge.

D. To present some points of view about silk.

E. To describe how silk comes into existence.

39. How are the threads on the outside of the cocoon ……..

A. Fine.B. Soft.

C. Rough.

D. Strong.

E. Smooth.

40. What are mulberry leaves for ……..

A. Feeding caterpillars.

B. Spinning cocoons.

C. Storing threads.

D. Hatching eggs.

E. Laying eggs.

Text 10

A geyser is the result of underground water under the combined conditions of high temperatures and increased pressure beneath the surface of the earth. Since temperature rises approximately 1 F for every sixty feet under the earth’s surface, and pressure increases with depth, the water that seeps down in crack and fissures until it reaches very hot rock in the earth interior becomes heated to temperature in excess of 290 F. Because of the greater pressure, the water shoots out of the surface in the form of steam and hot water. The result is a geyser. In order to function, then a geyser must have a source of heat, reservoir where water can be stored until the temperature rises to an unstable point, an opening through which the hot water and steam can escape, and underground channels for resupplying water after an eruption.

Favorable conditions for geyser exist in some regions of the world including New Zealand, Iceland, and the Yellowstone National Park area of the United States. The most famous geyser in the world is Old Faithfull in Yellow Park. Old Faithfull erupts almost every hour, rising to a height of 125 to 170 feet and expelling more than ten thousand gallons during each eruption.

Questions:

41. How geyser is produced?

A. By the rise of temperature pressure functioning hot steam.

B. From a huge tension of heated water that coming out from the earth crack.

C. From the heated temperature in earth crack that absorbing water.

D. From the temperature and absorbed water that occurs on earth surface.

E. By the hot water and temperature of hot rock that occurs on earth surface.

42. Steam and hot water shoot out of the surface because of ….

A. hot rock and water.

B. temperature and pressure.

C. greater pressure.

D. high temperature and increased pressure.

E. underground temperature and increased pressure.

43. Reservoir where the water can be stored will be after eruption and resupplying again …..

A. hot

B. narrow

C. open

D. empty

E. unstable

44. “… and expelling more than ten thousand gallons during each eruption.” (Paragraph 2). The word “expelling” is closest in meaning to ….

A. heating

B. melting

C. wasting

D. supplying

E. discharging

Text 11

A kite is an object which is made from a light material stretched over a frame. Due to its light material a kite will lift off the ground and fly when it is tilted into the wind.

A kite is uses wind to make it fly because it is heavier than air. When wind travels over the surface of the kite, it is split into two streams of air. One stream of the air goes over the kite while the second stream goes under the kite.

The upper stream above the kite. The lower stream hits the kite at a shallow angle and creates an area of high pressure.

The high pressure area has a pushing effect while the low pressure area has a pulling effect. The combination of push and pull can creates enough force to lift the kite into the air.

Kites have been known for thousand of years. They are used for military or scientific purposes. Todays kites are much used for leisure and competition.

Questions:

45. What media which use by kite to fly?

A. Air

B. Water

C. Ground

D. Light

E. Wind

46. How many stream of air if we want the kite flying?

A. Two

B. One

C. Four

D. Three

E. There is no stream

47. The first Word of “ it” at the first line of paraghraph two refers to ...

A. Wind

B. Air

C. Kite

D. Frame

E. Fly

48. What is the function of the upper stream?

A. hits the kite at a shallow angle.

B. creates an area of high pressure.

C. creates an area of middle pressure.

D. creates an area of low pressure.

E. give space for kite to fly.

49. Bassed on the text, what is the function of kite at past?

A. Used for competition

B. Used for military

C. Used for sent message

D. Used for sent money

E. Used for keep home for annoying evil

Text 12

Acid rain is rain that is highly acidic because of sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, and other air pollutants dissolved in it. Normal rain is slightly acidic, with a pH of 6. Acid rain may have a pH value as low as 2.8.

Acid rain can severely damage both plant and animal life. Certain lakes, for example, have lost all fish and plant life because of acid rain.

Acid rain comes from sulfur in coal and oil. When they burn, they make sulfur dioxide (SO2). Most sulfur leaves factory chimneys as the gaseous sulfur dioxide (SO2 ) and most nitrogen are also emitted as one of the nitrogen oxides (NO or NO2), both of which are gasses. The gasses may be dry deposited–absorbed directly by the land, by lakes or by the surface vegetation. If they are in the atmosphere for anytime, the gasses will oxidize (gain an oxygen atom) and go into solution as acids. Sulphuric acid (H2 SO4) and the nitrogen oxides will become nitric acid (HNO3). The acids usually dissolve in cloud droplets and may travel great distances before being precipitated as acid rain.

Catalysts such as hydrogen peroxide, ozone, and ammonium help promote the formation of acids in clouds. More ammonium (NH4 ) can be formed when some of the acids are partially neutralized by airborne ammonia (NH3). Acidification increases with the number of active hydrogen (H+) ions dissolved in acid. Hydrocarbons emitted by, for example, car exhausts will react in sunlight with nitrogen oxides to produce ozone. Although it is invaluable in the atmosphere, low-level ozone causes respiratory problems and also hastens the formation of acid rain. When acid rain falls on the ground it dissolves and liberates heavy metals and aluminum (Al). When it is washed into lakes, aluminum irritates the outer surfaces of many fish. As acid rain falls or drains into the lake the pH of the lake falls. Forests suffer the effect of acid rain through damage to leaves, through the loss of vital nutrients, and through the increased amounts of toxic metals liberated by acid, which damage roots and soil microorganisms.

Questions:

50. What is the text mainly about?

A. The definition of acid rain.

B. The process of acid rain.

C. The effect of acid rain.

D. Acid rain.

E. Rain.

51. The acid of normal rain is .… then the acid rain.

A. Higher

B. Lower

C. Denser

D. Severer

E. The same

52. What is the result of the burning of the coal and oil?

A. Ammonium

B. Nitric acid

C. Sulphuric acid

D. Sulfur dioxide

E. Airborne ammonia

53. The sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides will …. in the air.

A. Be absorbed directly by the vegetation

B. Dissolved in the lake water and land

C. Emit another sulfur gas

D. Radiate an oxygen atom

E. Gain an oxygen atom

54. Which of the following is not true about acid rain?

A. It contains lower pH than the normal rain.

B. It has higher pH than the normal rain.

C. It can damage animal and plant life.

D. It contains dangerous gasses.

E. It endangers water life.

55. What is the purpose of the text?

A. To report the acid rain in general.

B. To explain the process of acid rain.

C. To persuade the reader to prevent acid rain.

D. To discuss the danger of acid rain in the air.

E. To present two different opinions on acid rain process.

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